Parasite Free Of Invasive
The researchers used molecular techniques to test for the presence of viruses and Nosema ceranae in honey bee colonies managed by beekeepers. Ostiguy and her colleagues found a geographical area in Newfoundland, in which a number of important invasive honey bee parasites, including Varroa destructor and Nosema ceranae , do not exist. The study of parasitism is an extensive field, because parasites can be found across the biological kingdoms, and many animals host one or more. Some parasitic relationships are harmless, while in other cases a parasite can damage or even kill its host. Studying the effects of these parasites is even more challenging because few areas in the world have western honey bee colonies that are free of invasive parasites."A parasite is an organism which exploits another organism for the purpose of staying alive. "The extent to which these detriments are attributable to specific parasite species is difficult to assess, however, because of the occurrence of multiple parasites within honey bees.
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Department of Agriculture.Other authors on the paper include Dave Shutler and Megan Colwell, Acadia University Krista Head, Forestry and Agri-Foods Agency, Government of Newfoundland and Labrador Karen Burger-MacLellan, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Abby Levitt, Penn State and Geoffrey Williams, Acadia University, Dalhousie University and University of Bern.
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